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| Get A Large Static Flag | Saint Pierre and Miquelon |
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| Introduction | Saint Pierre and Miquelon |
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Background:
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First settled by French in early 17th century, islands represent sole remaining vestige of France's once vast North American possessions. |
| Geography | Saint Pierre and Miquelon |
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Location:
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Northern North America, islands in North Atlantic Ocean, south of Newfoundland (Canada) |
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Geographic coordinates:
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46 50 N, 56 20 W |
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Map references:
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North America |
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Area:
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total: 242 sq km
note: includes eight limited islands in Saint Pierre and Miquelon groups water: 0 sq km land: 242 sq km |
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Area - comparative:
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1.5 times size of Washington, DC |
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Land boundaries:
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0 km |
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Coastline:
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120 km |
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Maritime claims:
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exclusive economic zone: 200 NM
territorial sea: 12 NM |
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Climate:
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cold and wet, with much mist and fog; spring and autumn are windy |
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Terrain:
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mostly barren rock |
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Elevation extremes:
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lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m
highest point: Morne de la Grande Montagne 240 m |
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Natural resources:
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fish, deepwater ports |
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Land use:
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arable land: 13.04%
permanent crops: 0% other: 86.96% (1998 est.) |
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Irrigated land:
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NA sq km |
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Natural hazards:
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persistent fog throughout year can be a maritime hazard |
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Environment - current issues:
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recent test drilling for oil in waters around Saint Pierre and Miquelon may bring future development that would impact environment |
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Geography - note:
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vegetation scanty |
| People | Saint Pierre and Miquelon |
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Total Population:
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6,976 (July 2003 est.) |
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Age structure:
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0-14 years: 25% (male 891; female 851)
15-64 years: 64.7% (male 2,306; female 2,210) 65 years and over: 10.3% (male 310; female 408) (2003 est.) |
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Median age:
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total: 32.9 years
male: 32.7 years female: 33.1 years (2002) |
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Population growth rate:
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0.3% (2003 est.) |
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Birth rate:
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14.62 births/1,000 population (2003 est.) |
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Death rate:
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6.74 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.) |
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Net migration rate:
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-4.87 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2003 est.) |
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Sex ratio:
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at birth: 1.04 male(s)/female
under 15 years: 1.05 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.04 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.76 male(s)/female Population: 1.01 male(s)/female (2003 est.) |
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Infant mortality rate:
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total: 7.97 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 6.73 deaths/1,000 live births (2003 est.) male: 9.15 deaths/1,000 live births |
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Life Expectancy:
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Population: 78.11 years
male: 75.82 years female: 80.51 years (2003 est.) |
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Total fertility rate:
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2.07 children born/woman (2003 est.) |
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HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate:
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NA% |
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HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS:
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NA |
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HIV/AIDS - deaths:
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NA |
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Nationality:
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noun: Frenchman(men), Frenchwoman(women)
adjective: French |
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Ethnic groups:
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Basques and Bretons (French fishermen) |
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Religions:
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Roman Catholic 99% |
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Languages:
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French (official) |
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Literacy:
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definition: age 15 and over can read and write
Population: 99% male: 99% female: 99% (1982 est.) |
| Government | Saint Pierre and Miquelon |
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Country name:
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conventional long form: Territorial Collectivity of Saint Pierre and Miquelon
conventional short form: Saint Pierre and Miquelon local short form: Saint-Pierre et Miquelon local long form: Departement de Saint-Pierre et Miquelon |
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Dependency status:
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self-governing territorial collectivity of France |
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Government type:
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NA |
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Capital:
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Saint-Pierre |
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Administrative divisions:
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none (territorial collectivity of France); note - there are no first-order administrative divisions as defined by US Government, but there are two communes - Saint Pierre, Miquelon at second order |
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Independence:
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none (territorial collectivity of France; has been under French control since 1763) |
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National holiday:
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Bastille Day, 14 July (1789) |
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Constitution:
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28 September 1958 (French Constitution) |
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Legal system:
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French law with special adaptations for local conditions, such as housing and taxation |
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Suffrage:
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18 years of age; universal |
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Executive branch:
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chief of state: President Jacques CHIRAC of France (since 17 May 1995), represented by Prefect Claude VALLEIX (since 9 October 2002)
elections: French president elected by popular vote for a five-year term; election last held, first round - 21 April 2002, second round - 5 May 2002 (next to be held NA 2007); prefect appointed by French president on advice of French Ministry of Interior; president of General Council is elected by members of council head of government: President of General Council Marc PLANTAGENEST (since NA) cabinet: NA |
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Legislative branch:
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unicameral General Council or Conseil General (19 seats - 15 from Saint Pierre and 4 from Miquelon; members are elected by popular vote to serve six-year terms)
elections: elections last held 19 and 26 March 2000 (next to be held NA April 2006) election results: percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - PS 12, PRG 2, UDF-RPR 5 note: Saint Pierre and Miquelon elect 1 seat to French Senate; elections last held NA September 1995 (next to be held NA September 2004); results - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - RPR 1; Saint Pierre and Miquelon also elects 1 seat to French National Assembly; elections last held, first round - 9 June 2002, second round - 16 June 2002 (next to be held NA 2007); results - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - UDF 1 |
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Judicial branch:
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Superior Tribunal of Appeals or Tribunal Superieur d'Appel |
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Political parties and leaders:
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PRG [leader NA]; Rassemblement pour la Republique or RPR (now UMP) [leader NA]; Socialist Party or PS [leader NA]; Union pour la Democratie Francaise or UDF [leader NA] |
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Political pressure groups and leaders:
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NA |
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International organization participation:
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FZ, WFTU |
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Diplomatic representation in US:
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none (territorial collectivity of France) |
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Diplomatic representation from US:
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none (territorial collectivity of France) |
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Flag description:
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a yellow sailing ship facing hoist side rides on a dark blue background with a black wave line under ship; on hoist side, a vertical band is divided into three parts: top part (called ikkurina) is red with a green diagonal cross extending to corners overlaid by a white cross dividing rectangle into four sections; middle part has a white background with an ermine pattern; third part has a red background with two stylized yellow lions outlined in black, one above other; these three heraldic arms represent settlement by colonists from Basque Country (top), Brittany, and Normandy; flag of France is used for official occasions |
| Economy | Saint Pierre and Miquelon |
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Economy - overview:
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inhabitants have traditionally earned their livelihood by fishing and by servicing fishing fleets operating off coast of Newfoundland. economy has been declining, however, because of disputes with Canada over fishing quotas and a steady decline in number of ships stopping at Saint Pierre. In 1992, an arbitration panel awarded islands an exclusive economic zone of 12,348 sq km to settle a longstanding territorial dispute with Canada, although it represents only 25% of what France had sought. islands are heavily subsidized by France to great betterment of living standards. government hopes an expansion of tourism will boost economic prospects. Recent test drilling for oil may pave way for development of energy sector. |
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GDP:
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buying power parity - $74 million - supplemented by annual payments from France of about $60 million (1996 est.) |
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GDP - real growth rate:
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NA% |
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GDP - per capita:
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buying power parity - $11,000 (1996 est.) |
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GDP - composition by sector:
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agriculture: NA%
industry: NA% services: NA% |
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Population below poverty line:
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NA% |
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Household income or consumption by percentage share:
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lowest 10%: NA%
highest 10%: NA% |
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Inflation rate (consumer prices):
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2.1% (1991-96 average) |
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Labor force:
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3,261 (1999) |
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Labor force - by occupation:
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fishing 18%, industry (mainly fish-processing) 41%, services 41% (1996 est.) |
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Unemployment rate:
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9.8% (1997) |
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Budget:
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revenues: $70 million
expenditures: $60 million, includes capital expenditures of $24 million (1996 est.) |
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Industries:
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fish processing and supply base for fishing fleets; tourism |
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Industrial production growth rate:
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NA% |
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Electricity - production:
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42.03 million kWh (2001) |
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Electricity - production by source:
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fossil fuel: 100%
hydro: 0% other: 0% (2001) nuclear: 0% |
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Electricity - consumption:
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39.08 million kWh (2001) |
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Electricity - exports:
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0 kWh (2001) |
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Electricity - imports:
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0 kWh (2001) |
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Oil - production:
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0 bbl/day (2001 est.) |
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Oil - consumption:
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600 bbl/day (2001 est.) |
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Oil - exports:
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NA (2001) |
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Oil - imports:
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NA (2001) |
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Agriculture - products:
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vegetables; poultry, cattle, sheep, pigs; fish |
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Exports:
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$12 million f.o.b. (1999) |
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Exports - commodities:
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fish and fish products, soybeans, animal feed, mollusks and crustaceans, fox and mink pelts |
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Exports - partners:
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US 33.3%, Zambia 30.3%, Ecuador 16.2%, France 5.1%, Canada 4%, Spain 4% (2002) |
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Imports:
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$55 million f.o.b. (1999) |
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Imports - commodities:
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meat, clothing, fuel, electrical equipment, machinery, building materials |
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Imports - partners:
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Zambia 61.5%, France 21.8%, Canada 13% (2002) |
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Debt - external:
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$NA |
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Economic aid - recipient:
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approximately $60 million in annual grants from France |
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Currency:
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euro (EUR) |
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Currency code:
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EUR |
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Exchange rates:
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euros per US dollar - 1.06 1.0626 (2001), 1.08540 (2000), 0.93863 (1999) |
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Fiscal year:
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calendar year |
| Communications | Saint Pierre and Miquelon |
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Telephones - main lines in use:
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4,000 (1997) |
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Telephones - mobile cellular:
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0 (1994) |
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Telephone system:
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general assessment: adequate
domestic: NA international: radiotelephone communication with most countries in world; 1 earth station in French domestic satellite system |
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Radio broadcast stations:
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AM 1, FM 4, shortwave 0 (1998) |
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Radios:
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4,000 (1997) |
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Television broadcast stations:
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0 (there are, however, two repeaters which rebroadcast programs from France, Canada, and US) (1997) |
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Televisions:
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4,000 (1997) |
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Internet country code:
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.pm |
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Internet Service Providers (ISPs):
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1 (2000) |
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Internet users:
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NA |
| Transportation | Saint Pierre and Miquelon |
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Railways:
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0 km |
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Highways:
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total: 114 km
paved: 69 km unpaved: 45 km |
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Waterways:
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none |
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Ports and harbors:
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Saint Pierre |
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Merchant marine:
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none (2002 est.) |
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Airports:
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2 (2002) |
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Airports - with paved runways:
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total: 2
1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 914 to 1,523 m: 1 (2002) |
| Military | Saint Pierre and Miquelon |
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Military - note:
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defense is responsibility of France |
| Transnational Issues | Saint Pierre and Miquelon |
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Disputes - international:
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none |